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Escrito por Jorge Rojas Flores
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In this article the author offers an overview of historiography on childhood, with special attention to new perspectives. Although children is a theme not widely developed in Chile, Rojas gives a synthesis of initial studies in this country, including contradictions and limits of most usual historical approaches. From Engels’ writings to the most recently texts, this article introduces different ways to study the history of children and childhood: through institutions, mentality, material conditions, sociability and children’s subjetivity.
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Escrito por Pablo Camus Gayán
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This articles seeks to establish what conditions have permitted the rise and consolidation of what is known as "environmental history". Together with this, the main conceptual and methodological approaches towards this subject are defined. Furthermore, the most representative research trends are established, emphasizing those that refer to the relationship between men and forests.
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Escrito por Ignacio Muñoz Delaunoy
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Historian’s think that their task consists in offering a sure knowledge about the facts of the past. There has been different ways to understand the term “sure”. During the nineteenth century sure was understood like synonym of being objective. Through the twentieth century was established the notion of sure that prevails in the natural sciences. If history wanted to be respected as a cognitive discipline, it had to forget its literary aspect. It wasn’t enough that historian’s were rigorous in the administration of the method: they had to begin to talk like serious people. This article studies the efforts of Annales historian’s devoted to the end with the connection that exists between the historical discipline and the ordinary language. The thesis supports that this objective wasn’t achieved neither in the historiographical field nor in the epistemological field.
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Escrito por María Soledad Zárate Campos
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At the end of the XIX century, the interest for the treatment and cure of those denominated “women's diseases” in Chile it was not alone the expression of a new medical specialty, the gynecology. By means of some writings that identify some procedures, services of attention and to the first attended women, this article examines some gender interpretations that the cultivation of this specialty supported.
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Escrito por Luis Ortega
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This short essay discusses some of the critical problems facing the Chilean economy. It contends that the country’s sensibility and vulnerabiility vis-a-vis the international trade cycle, should be taken as an invitation in order to discuss the main assumptions upon which the economy has been managed over the last twenty-five years. It concludes that if the aspiration of becoming a develop nation is to be fulfilled, some fundamental changes must be implemented.
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Escrito por Andrés Rodríguez Figueroa
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Chilean historiography has traditionally considered the process of nation building in the nineteenth century a natural process in which, among others, warfare was vital for this purpose. This article first defines the nature of Chilean nationalism for this period in the context of authoritarian rule and the relationship between the elite and the lower classes. It then seeks to shed a light on many issues traditionally not addressed such as the volubility and rejection of the popular classes in the rural world when sought for war recruitment during the Chilean Peruvian Pacific War.
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